PRZEDMIOTEM OFERTY JEST KOD DOSTĘPOWY DO KSIĄŻKI ELEKTRONICZNEJ (EBOOK)
KSIĄŻKA JEST DOSTĘPNA NA ZEWNĘTRZNEJ PLATFORMIE. KSIĄŻKA NIE JEST W POSTACI PLIKU.
Safety in the process industries iscritical forthose who work with chemicals and hazardous substances or processes. The field of loss prevention is, and continues to be, of supreme importance to countless companies, municipalities and governments around the world, and Lees’ is a detailed reference to defending against hazards. Recognized as the standard work for chemical and process engineering safety professionals,it provides the most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment, regulations and laws covering the field of process safety. An entire library of alternative books (and cross-referencing systems) would be needed to replace or improve upon it, but everything of importance to safety professionals, engineers and managers can be found in this all-encompassing three volume reference instead.* THE process safety encyclopedia, trusted worldwide for over 30 years* Now available in print and online, to aid searchability and portability* Over 3,600 print pages cover the full scope of process safety and loss prevention,compiling theory, practice, standards, legislation,case studies and lessons learned in one resource as opposed to multiple sources
- Autorzy: Mannan, Sam
- Wydawnictwo: Elsevier S & T
- Data wydania:
- Wydanie: 4
- Liczba stron: 3776
- Forma publikacji: PDF (online)
- Język publikacji: angielski
- ISBN: 9780123977823
- Front Cover
- Lees’ Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
- Copyright Page
- Preface to Fourth Edition
- Preface to Third Edition
- Preface to Second Edition
- Preface to First Edition
- Acknowledgements
- Terminology
- Notation
- Use of References
- List of Contributors
- Contents for Volume 1
- Contents for Volume 2
- Contents for Volume 3
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Management Leadership
- 1.2 Industrial Safety and Loss Trends
- 1.3 Safety and Environmental Concerns
- 1.4 Loss Prevention – 1
- 1.5 Large Single-Stream Plants
- 1.6 Loss Prevention – 2
- 1.7 Total Loss Control
- 1.8 Quality Assurance
- 1.9 Total Quality Management
- 1.10 Risk Management
- 1.11 Safety-Critical Systems
- 1.12 Environment and Sustainable Development
- 1.13 Responsible Care
- 1.14 Academic and Research Activities
- 1.15 Overview
- 2 Incidents and Loss Statistics
- 2.1 The Incident Process
- 2.1.1 The Houston Model
- 2.1.2 The Fault Tree Model
- 2.1.3 The MORT Model
- 2.1.4 The Rasmussen Model
- 2.1.5 The ACSNI Model
- 2.1.6 The Bellamy and Geyer Model
- 2.1.7 The Kletz Model
- 2.2 Standard Industrial Classification
- 2.3 Injury Statistics
- 2.3.1 United States of America
- 2.3.1.1 National Response Center’s (NRC) Incident Reporting Information System (IRIS)
- 2.3.1.2 EPA’s Risk Management Program (RMP) Rule’s 5-Year Accident History Database
- 2.3.1.3 EPA’s Accidental Release Information Program (ARIP) Database
- 2.3.1.4 Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) Databases for the US Occupational Safety and Health Admi
- 2.3.1.5 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Wide-ranging On-line Data for Epid
- 2.3.1.6 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Regi
- 2.3.2 United Kingdom
- 2.4 Major Disasters
- 2.5 Major Process Hazards
- 2.5.1 The Inventory
- 2.5.2 The Energy Factor
- 2.5.3 The Time Factor
- 2.5.4 The Intensity–Distance Relationship
- 2.5.5 The Exposure Factor
- 2.5.6 The Intensity–Damage and Intensity–Injury Relationships
- 2.6 Fire Loss Statistics
- 2.7 Fire and Explosion
- 2.8 Causes of Loss
- 2.9 Down-Time Losses
- 2.10 Trend of Injuries
- 2.11 Trend of Losses
- 2.12 Case Histories
- 3 Legislation and Law
- 3.1 US Legislation
- 3.2 US Regulatory Agencies
- 3.3 Codes and Standards
- 3.4 Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970
- 3.5 US Environmental Legislation
- 3.6 US Toxic Substances Legislation
- 3.7 US Accidental Chemical Release Legislation
- 3.8 US Transport Legislation
- 3.8.1 Natural Gas
- 3.8.2 FERC History
- 3.8.3 USCG and MARAD History
- 3.9 US Security Legislation
- 3.10 US Developing Legislation
- 3.11 EU Legislations
- 3.12 Other Legislation
- 3.13 Regulatory Support
- 3.14 US Chemical Safety Board
- 4 Major Hazard Control
- Foreword by Jerry Havens
- 4.1 Superstar Technologies
- 4.2 Hazard Monitoring
- 4.3 Risk Issues
- 4.4 Risk Perception
- 4.4.1 Acceptable Risk
- 4.4.2 Acceptable vs Tolerable Risk
- 4.4.3 Actual vs Perceived Risk
- 4.4.4 Psychological Issues
- 4.4.5 Social Science Issues
- 4.4.6 Risk Communication
- 4.5 Risk Management
- 4.5.1 Public Risk Management
- 4.5.2 Risk Management Rules
- 4.5.3 Risk Management Issues
- 4.5.4 Cost–Benefit Analysis
- 4.6 Hazard Control Policy
- 4.7 Nuclear Hazard Control
- 4.7.1 Nuclear Plant Licensing
- 4.7.2 Nuclear Plant Siting
- 4.7.3 Nuclear Safety Case
- 4.7.4 Nuclear Weapon and Terrorism Prevention
- 4.8 Process Hazard Control: Background
- 4.9 Process Hazard Control: Advisory Committee on Major Hazards
- 4.10 Process Hazard Control: Major Hazards Arrangements
- 4.10.1 NIHHS Regulations 1982–2002
- 4.10.2 CIMAH Regulations 1984
- 4.10.3 CIMAH Safety Case
- 4.10.4 COMAH Regulations 1999
- 4.11 Process Hazard Control: Planning
- 4.11.1 Planning System
- 4.11.2 Planning and Major Hazards
- 4.11.3 Planning Reforms
- 4.11.4 HSE Consultation and Advice
- 4.11.5 Emergency Planning
- 4.11.6 Information to Public
- 4.11.7 Public Inquiries
- 4.11.8 Planner’s Viewpoint
- 4.12 Process Hazard Control: European Community
- 4.12.1 European Community
- 4.12.2 Germany
- 4.12.3 France
- 4.12.4 The Netherlands
- 4.13 Process Hazard Control: USA
- 4.13.1 Plant Siting
- 4.13.2 Accidental Releases
- 4.13.3 SARA Title III
- 4.13.4 Special Emphasis Program
- 4.13.5 Process Safety Management Rule
- 4.13.6 New Jersey Toxic Catastrophe Prevention Act
- 4.13.7 California Hazardous Materials Planning Program
- 4.13.8 Regulatory Agencies
- 4.13.9 Voluntary Initiatives
- 5 Economics and Insurance
- 5.1 Economics of Loss Prevention
- 5.2 Cost of Losses
- 5.2.1 National Level
- 5.2.2 Company and Works Level
- 5.3 Cost of Prevention
- 5.4 Level of Loss Prevention Expenditure
- 5.4.1 General Considerations
- 5.4.2 Decision Aids
- 5.4.3 Major Hazards
- 5.5 Insurance of Process Plant
- 5.5.1 The Insurance Process
- 5.5.2 Insurance Policies
- 5.5.3 Loss Measures
- 5.5.4 Insurance Surveyors
- 5.5.5 Insurance Surveyor’s Report
- 5.5.6 Tariff and Non-Tariff Systems
- 5.5.7 Fire Insurance in the United Kingdom
- 5.5.8 Business Interruption Insurance
- 5.5.9 Large, Single-Train Plants
- 5.5.10 Insurance Market
- 5.5.11 Loss Experience
- 5.5.12 Insurance Capacity
- 5.5.13 Insurance Restrictions
- 5.5.14 Self-insurance
- 5.5.15 Vapor Cloud Explosions
- 5.5.16 Major Disasters
- 5.6 Property Insurance
- 5.6.1 Loss Measures
- 5.6.2 Risk Profiles
- 5.6.3 Risk Assessment Methods
- 5.6.4 Checklists
- 5.6.5 Hazard Indices
- 5.6.6 Premium Rating Plans
- 5.6.7 Technical Services
- 5.6.8 Management Audits
- 5.6.9 Estimation of EML
- 5.6.10 Risk Assessment Approaches
- 5.7 Individual Insurance
- 5.8 Business Interruption Insurance
- 5.8.1 Large, Single-Train Plants
- 5.8.2 Minor Incidents
- 5.8.3 BI Insurance
- 5.8.4 BI Survey
- 5.8.5 Estimation of EML
- 5.8.6 Property Damage and BI
- 5.8.7 BI Insurance Capacity
- 5.9 Other Insurance Aspects
- 5.9.1 Insurance Credit
- 5.9.2 Insurance in Design
- 5.9.3 Insurers’ Advice
- 5.9.4 Loss Adjusters
- 5.9.5 Loss Data and Analysis
- 5.10 Notation
- 6 Management and Management Systems
- 6.1 Management Attitude
- 6.1.1 Safety Culture
- 6.1.2 Will to Safety
- 6.2 Management Commitment and Leadership
- 6.3 Management Organization
- 6.4 Competent People
- 6.5 Systems and Procedures
- 6.6 Project Safety Reviews
- 6.7 Management of Change
- 6.8 Standards and Codes of Practice
- 6.9 Pressure Systems
- 6.10 Documentation
- 6.11 Audit System
- 6.12 Independent Checks
- 6.13 Major Hazards
- 6.14 Quality Management
- 6.14.1 Quality Assurance
- 6.14.2 Total Quality Management
- 6.14.3 Six Sigma
- 6.15 Safety Management
- 6.16 Policy
- 6.17 Organization
- 6.17.1 Control
- 6.17.2 Cooperation
- 6.17.3 Communication
- 6.17.4 Competence
- 6.18 Planning
- 6.18.1 Goals and Objectives
- 6.18.2 Control Systems
- 6.18.3 Performance Standards
- 6.19 Measurement
- 6.19.1 Accident Pyramid
- 6.19.2 Frequent and Rare Events
- 6.19.3 Proactive Monitoring
- 6.19.4 Reactive Measures
- 6.20 Control
- 6.20.1 Control and Action
- 6.20.2 Review
- 6.21 Audit
- 6.21.1 Proprietary Systems
- 6.22 Process Knowledge
- 6.22.1 Organizational Memory
- 6.22.2 Awareness
- 6.22.3 Understanding
- 6.22.4 Issues
- 6.22.5 Operating Procedures
- 6.22.6 Knowledge Base
- 6.22.7 Knowledge Utilization
- 6.22.8 Incident Investigation
- 6.23 Safety Strategies
- 6.24 Human Factors
- 6.25 Contractors
- 6.26 Safety Management Systems
- 6.27 Process Safety Management
- 6.27.1 OSHA PSM Rule
- 6.27.2 EPA Risk Management Program
- 6.27.3 API RP 750
- 6.27.4 The ACC System
- 6.27.5 CCPS System
- 6.28 CCPS Management Guidelines
- 6.28.1 Guidelines for Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety
- 6.28.2 Plant Guidelines for Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety
- 6.28.3 Guidelines for Implementing Process Safety Management Systems
- 6.28.4 Guidelines for Auditing Process Safety Management Systems
- 6.28.5 Guidelines for Risk Based Process Safety
- 6.28.5.1 Commit to Process Safety
- 6.28.5.2 Understand Hazards and Risk
- 6.28.5.3 Manage Risk
- 6.28.5.4 Learn from Experience
- 6.29 Regulatory Control
- 6.29.1 Evolution of Policy
- 6.29.2 Inspection vs. Audit
- 6.29.3 Accident Prevention Advisory Unit
- 6.29.4 Management Assessment
- 6.30 STATAS
- 7 Reliability Engineering
- 7.1 Development of Reliability Engineering
- 7.2 Reliability Engineering in the Process Industries
- 7.2.1 Applicability of Reliability Techniques
- 7.2.2 Reliability Assessment and Improvement
- 7.2.3 Reliability and Other Probabilistic Methods
- 7.2.4 Reliability and Quality Control
- 7.2.5 Reliability Standards
- 7.3 Definition of Reliability
- 7.4 Meanings of Probability
- 7.4.1 Equal Likelihood
- 7.4.2 Relative Frequency
- 7.4.3 Personal Probability
- 7.5 Some Probability Relationships
- 7.5.1 Sets and Boolean Algebra
- 7.5.2 Probability of Unions
- 7.5.3 Joint and Marginal Probability
- 7.5.4 Conditional Probability
- 7.5.5 Independence and Conditional Independence
- 7.5.6 Bayes’ Theorem
- 7.6 Some Reliability Relationships
- 7.6.1 Reliability Function and Hazard Rate
- 7.6.2 Failure Density and Failure Distribution Functions
- 7.6.3 Relationships Between Basic Functions
- 7.6.4 Exponential Distribution
- 7.6.5 Probability and Event Rate
- 7.6.6 Unreliability and Failure Rate
- 7.6.7 Bathtub Curve
- 7.6.8 Mean Life
- 7.6.9 Expected Value
- 7.7 Failure Distributions
- 7.7.1 Binomial Distribution
- 7.7.2 Multinomial Distribution
- 7.7.3 Poisson Distribution
- 7.7.4 Exponential Distribution
- 7.7.5 Normal Distribution
- 7.7.6 Log–Normal Distribution
- 7.7.7 Weibull Distribution
- 7.7.8 Rectangular Distribution
- 7.7.9 Gamma Distribution
- 7.7.10 Beta Distribution
- 7.7.11 Pareto Distribution
- 7.7.12 Extreme Value Distribution
- 7.7.13 Hyperexponential Distribution
- 7.7.14 Error Function
- 7.7.15 Error Function Approximations
- 7.8 Reliability of Some Standard Systems
- 7.8.1 Series Systems
- 7.8.2 Parallel Systems
- 7.8.3 r-Out-of-n Parallel Systems
- 7.8.4 Standby Systems
- 7.8.5 Systems with Repair
- 7.8.6 Parallel Systems with Repair
- 7.8.7 Standby Systems with Repair
- 7.8.8 Constant Repair Time
- 7.8.9 Mean Life
- 7.9 Reliability of Complex Systems
- 7.9.1 System Reliability Analysis
- 7.9.2 Reliability Graphs
- 7.9.3 Logic Flow Diagrams
- 7.9.4 Event Space Method
- 7.9.5 Tree Diagrams
- 7.9.6 Path Tracing and Tie Sets
- 7.9.7 Path Breaks and Cut Sets
- 7.9.8 System Decomposition
- 7.10 Markov Models
- 7.10.1 Discrete-State, Continuous-Time Models
- 7.10.2 Poisson Process
- 7.10.3 Two-Equipment Systems
- 7.10.4 Single-Equipment Systems with Repair
- 7.10.5 Reliability and Availability Formulations
- 7.10.6 Repair Rates
- 7.10.7 Mean Life
- 7.10.8 Discrete-State, Discrete-Time Models
- 7.11 Joint Density Functions
- 7.11.1 Parallel Systems with Variable Failure Rates
- 7.11.2 Standby Systems with Variable Failure Rates
- 7.12 Monte Carlo Simulation
- 7.12.1 Simulation Method
- 7.12.2 Illustrative Example
- 7.12.3 Applications of the Method
- 7.12.4 Features of the Method
- 7.12.5 Number of Trials
- 7.13 Availability
- 7.13.1 System Availability Analysis
- 7.13.2 The Availability Function
- 7.13.3 Repair Time Density Function
- 7.13.4 Down-Time Density Function
- 7.13.5 Throughput Density Function
- 7.13.6 Markov Models
- 7.13.7 Logic Flow Diagrams
- 7.13.8 Throughput Capability Method
- 7.13.9 Flowsheeting and Simulation Methods
- 7.13.10 Storage
- 7.14 Bayes’ Theorem
- 7.14.1 Basic Formulation
- 7.14.2 Hypothesis Formulation
- 7.14.3 Continuous Formulation
- 7.14.4 Failure Rate Estimation
- 7.15 Renewal Theory
- 7.16 Replacement Models
- 7.17 Models of Failure: Strength–Load Interaction
- 7.17.1 Strength and Load
- 7.17.2 Safety Factor and Safety Margin
- 7.17.3 Deterministic Approach: Mean of Strength and Load
- 7.17.4 Probabilistic Approach: Variability of Strength and Load
- 7.17.5 Interference Theory
- 7.17.6 Carter’s Rough Loading Model
- 7.18 Models of Failure: Some Other Models
- 7.18.1 Bathtub Curve Revisited
- 7.18.2 Light Bulb Curve
- 7.18.3 Drenick’s Theorem
- 7.19 Failure Behavior and Regimes
- 7.19.1 Failure Regimes
- 7.19.2 Catastrophic Failure vs. Tolerance Failure
- 7.19.3 Bimodal Failure Distributions
- 7.19.4 Wearout Failure
- 7.19.5 Early Failure
- 7.19.6 Burn-In
- 7.20 Failure Data Analysis
- 7.20.1 Need for Failure Data
- 7.20.2 Types of Failure Data
- 7.20.3 Failure Data Sources, Data Collection, and Data Banks
- 7.20.4 Fundamentals of Failure Data Analysis
- 7.20.5 Failure Rates in Individual Modes
- 7.20.6 Confidence Limits on Failure Frequency and Mean Life
- 7.20.7 Confidence Limits on Failure Probability
- 7.20.8 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Graphical Methods
- 7.20.9 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Ranking
- 7.20.10 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Exponential Distribution
- 7.20.11 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Normal Distribution
- 7.20.12 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Weibull Distribution
- 7.20.13 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Censored Data
- 7.20.14 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Observation Window
- 7.20.15 Fitting of Failure Distributions: Parameter Estimation
- 7.20.16 Generation of Failure Distributions
- 7.20.17 Proportional Hazards Modeling
- 7.20.18 Time-Varying Failure Data
- 7.20.19 Combination of Failure Data
- 7.20.20 Role of Failure Data Analysis
- 7.20.21 Repair Times
- 7.21 Reliability in Design
- 7.21.1 Design Process
- 7.21.2 ManufacturerUser Relationship
- 7.21.3 Reliability Targets
- 7.21.4 Reliability Prediction
- 7.21.5 Reliability Feasibility Study
- 7.21.6 Reliability Specification
- 7.21.7 Conventional Design
- 7.21.8 Mechanical Design
- 7.21.9 Design Reviews
- 7.21.10 Problem Identification
- 7.21.11 Reliability Data
- 7.22 Reliability Prediction
- 7.22.1 Stages of Reliability Prediction
- 7.22.2 Pre-Design Reliability Prediction
- 7.22.3 Reliability Feasibility Study
- 7.22.4 Reliability Apportionment
- 7.22.5 Interim Reliability Prediction
- 7.22.6 Final Reliability Prediction
- 7.23 Reliability Growth, Testing, and Demonstration
- 7.23.1 Reliability Testing
- 7.23.2 Reliability Growth
- 7.23.3 Duane Method
- 7.23.4 Reliability Acceptance Testing
- 7.24 Maintainability
- 7.24.1 Maintainability Measures
- 7.24.2 Maintainability Principles
- 7.24.3 Maintainability Prediction
- 7.24.4 Maintainability Testing and Demonstration
- 7.25 Maintenance Activities and Policies
- 7.25.1 Maintenance Activities
- 7.25.2 Failure Regimes
- 7.25.3 Repair, Reconditioning, and Replacement
- 7.25.4 Maintenance Policies
- 7.25.5 Planned Maintenance
- 7.25.6 Scheduled Maintenance
- 7.25.7 Scheduled Replacement
- 7.25.8 On-Condition Maintenance
- 7.25.9 Opportunity Maintenance
- 7.25.10 Burn-In
- 7.25.11 Selection of Maintenance Policies
- 7.25.12 Maintenance Information
- 7.25.13 Maintenance Effectiveness
- 7.25.14 Maintenance Indices
- 7.26 Reliability-Centered Maintenance
- 7.26.1 Functions, Functional Failures, and Performance Standards
- 7.26.2 Failure Modes and Causes
- 7.26.3 Failure Effects and Consequences
- 7.26.4 Preventive Tasks and Default Actions
- 7.26.5 Illustrative Example
- 7.27 Life Cycle Costing
- 7.27.1 Management of Life Cycle Costing
- 7.27.2 Applicability of Life Cycle Costing
- 7.27.3 Decision Process for Life Cycle Costing
- 7.27.4 Factors Contributing to Life Cycle Cost
- 7.27.5 Information for Life Cycle Costing
- 7.27.6 Essential and Optional Equipment Functions
- 7.27.7 Equipment Functions Involving Availability
- 7.27.8 Equipment Quality vs. System Configuration
- 7.27.9 Assessment of Equipment Quality
- 7.28 Notation
- 8 Hazard Identification
- 8.1 Safety Audits
- 8.2 Management System Audits
- 8.3 Checklists
- 8.4 Materials Properties
- 8.4.1 Physical and Chemical Properties
- 8.4.2 Material Safety Data Sheets
- 8.4.3 Impurities
- 8.5 Pilot Plants
- 8.6 Hazard Indices
- 8.6.1 Dow’s Index
- 8.6.2 Mond Index
- 8.6.3 IFAL Index
- 8.6.4 Dow Chemical Exposure Index
- 8.6.5 Mortality Index
- 8.7 Hazard Studies
- 8.7.1 What If? Analysis
- 8.7.2 Event Tree and Fault Tree Analysis
- 8.7.3 Hazard Identification Study
- 8.7.4 Preliminary Hazard Analysis
- 8.7.5 Screening Analysis Techniques
- 8.7.6 Hazard and Operability Study
- 8.7.7 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis
- 8.7.8 Sneak Analysis Techniques
- 8.7.9 Computer Control and Human Error Analysis
- 8.7.10 Human Error Analysis
- 8.7.11 Consequence Analysis and Modeling
- 8.7.12 Process Safety System
- 8.7.13 Choice of Method
- 8.7.14 Ranking and Hazard Resolution
- 8.7.15 Safety Review Systems
- 8.8 What If? Analysis
- 8.9 Event Tree and Fault Tree Analysis
- 8.10 Bow-Tie Method
- 8.11 Preliminary Hazard Analysis
- 8.12 Screening Analysis Techniques
- 8.13 Hazard and Operability Studies
- 8.13.1 Origins of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.2 Principle of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.3 Design Intent and Entities Examined
- 8.13.4 Guidewords
- 8.13.5 Illustrative Example: Reactor Transfer System
- 8.13.6 Organization and Conduct of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.7 Parametric Method
- 8.13.8 Illustrative Example: Continuous Plant
- 8.13.9 Time in HAZOP Studies: Sequences/Batch Processes
- 8.13.10 Illustrative Example: Batch Plant
- 8.13.11 Illustrative Example: Proprietary Equipment
- 8.13.12 Space and Interactions in HAZOP Studies: Hybrid Studies
- 8.13.13 Critical Examination and HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.14 Control Systems in HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.15 Electrical Systems in HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.16 Additional Parameters and Guidewords
- 8.13.17 Timing of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.18 Documentation for Hazard Studies
- 8.13.19 Personnel Involved in HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.20 Leadership of HAZOP Studies: the Facilitator
- 8.13.21 Follow-up of Hazard Studies
- 8.13.22 Computer Aids for HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.23 Experience and Further Development of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.24 Activities in HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.25 Filtering in HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.26 Quality Assurance
- 8.13.27 Limitations of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.28 Variants of HAZOP Studies
- 8.13.29 Other Applications of HAZOP Methodology
- 8.14 Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis
- 8.14.1 BS 5760
- 8.14.2 Application of FMEA
- 8.15 Sneak Analysis
- 8.15.1 Types of Sneak
- 8.15.1.1 Sneak Flow
- 8.15.1.2 Sneak Indication
- 8.15.1.3 Sneak Label
- 8.15.1.4 Sneak Energy
- 8.15.1.5 Sneak Reaction
- 8.15.1.6 Sneak Procedure or Sequence
- 8.15.2 Sneak Analysis Methods
- 8.15.3 Sneak-Augmented HAZOP
- 8.15.3.1 Sneak Flow
- 8.15.3.2 Sneak Indications
- 8.15.3.3 Sneak Labels
- 8.15.3.4 Sneak Procedures
- 8.15.3.5 Sneak Energy
- 8.16 Computer HAZOP
- 8.16.1 Checklist and Guideword Methods
- 8.16.2 Task Analysis Method
- 8.17 Human Error Analysis
- 8.17.1 Task Analysis
- 8.17.2 Action Error Analysis
- 8.18 Scenario Development
- 8.18.1 Release Scenarios
- 8.18.2 Escalation Scenarios
- 8.19 Consequence Modeling
- 8.20 Process Safety Review System
- 8.20.1 General Incident Scenario
- 8.20.2 Preliminary Safety Analysis
- 8.20.3 Concept Safety Review (CSR)
- 8.20.4 Concept Hazard Analysis (CHA)
- 8.20.5 Critical Examination (CE)
- 8.20.6 Preliminary Consequence Analysis (PCA)
- 8.20.7 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)
- 8.20.8 Short-Cut Risk Assessment (SCRAM)
- 8.20.9 Goal-Oriented Failure Analysis (GOFA)
- 8.20.10 Socio-technical Systems Analysis
- 8.20.11 Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA)
- 8.20.12 Illustrative Example: Methanator System
- 8.21 Choice of Method
- 8.22 Filtering and Follow-up
- 8.23 Safety Review Systems
- 8.23.1 Hazard Study Systems
- 8.23.2 Project Safety Review System
- 8.24 Hazard Ranking Methods
- 8.24.1 Rapid Ranking
- 8.25 Hazard Warning Analysis
- 8.26 Plant Safety Audits
- 8.27 Other Methods
- 8.27.1 Feedback from Workforce
- 8.27.2 Process Design Checks
- 8.27.3 Plant Equipment Checks
- 8.27.4 Emergency Planning
- 8.28 Quality Assurance
- 8.29 Quality Assurance: Completeness
- 8.29.1 Criteria of Completeness
- 8.29.2 Studies of Completeness
- 8.30 Quality Assurance: QUASA
- 8.30.1 Safety Analysis
- 8.30.2 QUASA
- 8.30.3 Assessment Models
- 8.30.4 Assessment Checklist
- 8.30.5 Assessment Measures
- 8.30.6 Safety Analysis Performance
- 8.30.7 Assessor Performance
- 8.30.8 Assessment Studies
- 8.31 Standards
- 8.31.1 PSM – OSHA
- 8.31.2 RMP
- 8.31.3 ARAMIS
- 8.32 Notation
- 9 Hazard Assessment
- 9.1 Background
- 9.2 Hazard Analysis
- 9.2.1 Fatal Accident Rate Criterion
- 9.2.2 FAR – Pipeline Fracture Example
- 9.2.3 FAR – Crankcase Explosions Example
- 9.2.4 FAR – Hazardous Area Classification Example
- 9.3 Risk Assessment
- 9.3.1 NRC PRA Procedures Guide
- 9.3.2 IAEA PSA Procedures Guide
- 9.3.3 CONCAWE Guide
- 9.3.4 CCPS QRA Guidelines
- 9.3.5 Layer of Protection Analysis
- 9.3.6 Application of QRA Around the World
- 9.3.6.1 ASSURANCE Project
- 9.3.6.2 ARAMIS Project
- 9.3.7 QRA and Decision-Making
- 9.4 Event Data
- 9.5 Fault Trees
- 9.5.1 Fault Tree Analysis
- 9.5.2 Basic Fault Tree Concepts
- 9.5.3 Fault Tree Elements and Symbols
- 9.5.4 AND Gates
- 9.5.5 Fault Tree Construction
- 9.5.6 Dependence
- 9.5.7 Illustrative Example: Instrument Air Receiver System
- 9.5.8 Minimum Cut Sets
- 9.5.9 Coherence of Tree
- 9.5.10 Fault Trees and Digraphs
- 9.5.11 Fault Tree Evaluation
- 9.5.12 Importance of Events
- 9.5.13 Illustrative Example: Pressure Tank System
- 9.5.14 Illustrative Example: Crystallizer System
- 9.5.15 Repairable Systems
- 9.5.16 Illustrative Example: Pump Set System
- 9.5.17 Phased Mission Systems
- 9.5.18 Protective Systems
- 9.5.19 Fault Tree Applications
- 9.6 Event Trees
- 9.7 Bow-Tie Diagrams
- 9.8 Cause–Consequence Diagrams
- 9.9 Dependent Failures
- 9.9.1 Occurrence
- 9.9.2 Significance
- 9.9.3 Classification
- 9.9.4 Failure Data
- 9.9.5 Beta Factor
- 9.9.6 Protective Systems
- 9.9.7 Modeling for Redundancy
- 9.9.8 Beta Factor Method
- 9.9.9 Geometric Method
- 9.9.10 Partial Beta Factor Method
- 9.9.11 Multiple Greek Letter Method
- 9.9.12 Binomial Failure Rate Method
- 9.9.13 Revealed and Unrevealed Failure Models
- 9.9.14 Diversity and Its Modeling
- 9.9.15 Fault Tree Analysis
- 9.9.16 Effect on Reliability
- 9.9.17 Benchmark Study
- 9.9.18 Cascade Failures
- 9.9.19 Defenses
- 9.10 Expert Judgment
- 9.10.1 Scope
- 9.10.2 Expert Problem-Solving
- 9.10.3 Formulation of Questions
- 9.10.4 Selection of Experts
- 9.10.5 Elicitation Methods and Planning
- 9.10.6 Analysis of Responses
- 9.10.7 Interviews
- 9.10.8 Delphi Method
- 9.10.9 Ranking and Scaling
- 9.10.10 Method of Paired Comparisons
- 9.10.11 Saaty’s Method
- 9.10.12 Hunns’ Method
- 9.10.13 Applications
- 9.10.14 Failure Rates
- 9.11 Rare Events and External Threats
- 9.11.1 Equipment Failure
- 9.11.2 Natural Hazards
- 9.11.3 Man-Made Hazards
- 9.12 Human Factors and Human Error
- 9.12.1 Human Error in Hazard Assessment
- 9.12.2 Human Error in Operation
- 9.12.3 Human Error in Maintenance
- 9.12.4 Human Error in Communication
- 9.13 Management Aspects
- 9.13.1 Quantification of Management Influence
- 9.13.2 MANAGER Model
- 9.13.3 STATAS Model
- 9.13.4 Hazard Models
- 9.13.5 Domino Effects
- 9.14 Hazard Model Systems
- 9.14.1 Vulnerability Model System
- 9.14.2 Yellow Book’ Models
- 9.14.3 Plant Layout Models
- 9.14.4 SAFETI Computer Code
- 9.14.5 WHAZAN Computer Code
- 9.15 Population Characteristics
- 9.15.1 Population Density
- 9.15.2 Population Composition
- 9.15.3 Population Change by Time of Day
- 9.15.4 Vulnerable Population
- 9.15.5 Population Outdoors
- 9.16 Modification of Exposure
- 9.16.1 Reaction
- 9.16.2 Escape
- 9.16.3 Evacuation
- 9.16.4 Incident Control
- 9.17 Injury Relations
- 9.17.1 Injury Factors
- 9.17.2 Injury Distributions
- 9.17.3 Probit Equations
- 9.17.4 Probit Equations: Data Weighting
- 9.17.5 Other Relations
- 9.17.6 Multiple Injury and Double Counting
- 9.17.7 Overview
- 9.18 Presentation of Results
- 9.18.1 Types of Risk to People
- 9.18.2 Forms of Presentation
- 9.18.3 Risk Contours and Transects
- 9.18.4 FN Tables and Curves
- 9.18.5 Risk Aversion in FN Curves
- 9.18.6 Characteristics of FN Curves
- 9.19 Confidence in Results
- 9.19.1 Sources of Uncertainty
- 9.19.2 Characterization of Uncertainty
- 9.19.3 Log–Normal Distribution and Error Factor
- 9.19.4 Propagation of Uncertainty
- 9.19.5 Scenarios
- 9.19.6 Event Rate
- 9.19.7 Fault Trees
- 9.19.8 Event Trees
- 9.19.9 Scenarios, Models, and Parameters
- 9.19.10 Physical Models
- 9.19.11 Injury Relations
- 9.19.12 Expert Judgment
- 9.19.13 Results
- 9.20 Risk Criteria
- 9.20.1 Royal Society Study Group
- 9.20.2 Advisory Committee on Major Hazards
- 9.20.
W tej ofercie kupujesz kod dostępowy umożliwiający dostęp do wskazanej treści. Kod umożliwia dostęp do treści za pomocą przeglądarki WWW, dedykowanej aplikacji iOS (Apple) ze sklepu App Store lub dedykowanej aplikacji Android ze sklepu Play. Kod oraz instrukcje otrzymasz pocztą elektroniczną niezwłocznie po zaksięgowaniu płatności. Brak możliwości pobrania pliku.
Na podstawie art. 38 pkt 13 Ustawy z dnia 30 maja 2014 roku o prawach konsumenta realizując kod dostępowy rezygnujesz z prawa do odstąpienia od umowy zawartej na odległość.
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